Separation and Determination of Paraquat and Diquat in Human Plasma and Urine by Magnetic Dispersive Solid Phase Extraction Coupled with High-Performance Liquid Chromatography

Table 1

Comparison of the developed method with other methods for determination of paraquat.

Sample	Method	Sample preparation	LOD (μg/mL)	Linear range (μg/mL)	RSD (%)	Recovery (%)	Ref.
Plasma and urine	GC-MS	RP-SPE^a	0.05	0.1–5.0	—	98	[22]
Whole blood	HPLC/UV	RP-SPE	0.03	0.3–30.0	3.3	88–107	[32]
Plasma and urine	GC-MS	SPME^b	0.01	0.1–5.0	5.1	94–100	[33]
Plasma	HPLC/UV	RP-SPE	0.01	0.02–1.0	3.6	98–107	[34]
Water, soil, and vegetables	HPLC/UV	RP-DLL ME^c	0.02	—	<5.5	88–96	[14]
Plasma and urine	HPLC/UV	MSPE	0.004	0.028–0.57	2.3	90–108	This work