Enhanced Electrochemical Sensor for Electrocatalytic Glucose Analysis in Orange Juices and Milk by the Integration of the Electron-Withdrawing Substituents on Graphene/Glassy Carbon Electrode

Table 3

Real sample and validation test for the detection of glucose using HPMpFP-graphene/GCE.

Samples	Detected (mM)	Added (mM)	Found (mM)	Recovery (%)	Glucometer (mM)	t-value	Critical t-value	p value
Orange juice 1	0.48 ± 0.10	0.50	0.95 ± 0.10	103 ± 2	1.9 ± 0.5	−6.15	2.92	0.033
Orange juice 2	0.43 ± 0.30	0.50	1.03 ± 0.00	90 ± 3	1.5 ± 0.6	−3.01	2.92	0.051
Orange juice 3	0.39 ± 0.20	0.50	0.87 ± 0.10	102 ± 2	1.4 ± 0.3	−6.25	2.92	0.025
Milk 1	0.21 ± 0.40	0.50	0.76 ± 0.50	93 ± 5	1.2 ± 0.4	−4.76	2.92	0.021
Milk 2	0.25 ± 0.10	0.50	0.82 ± 0.40	91 ± 4	1.1 ± 0.5	−3.01	2.92	0.049