Review Article
Advanced Solid-Phase Microextraction Techniques and Related Automation: A Review of Commercially Available Technologies
Table 1
Nonexhaustive METs and their main features.
| | Extraction device | Name
Producer | Design characteristics | Extraction phase | GC injection port | Automation | | Area (mm2) | Volume (μL) | Sorbent |
|
| SPME
Supelco-Restek-Pas Tech. | Conventional 100 μm × 10 mm coating–0.7 mm o.d. | 40 | 0.9 | PDMS-PA-CAR/PDMS-PEG-DVB/CAR/PDMS-PDMS/DVB | Conventional (liner 0.75 mm i.d.) | Online
Offline |
|
| SPME-arrow
Restek Corp. | 1.1–1.5 needle o.d. | 44 to 62.8 | 3.8 to 11.8 | PDMS-PA-carbon WR/PDMS-PDMS/DVB-DVB/Carbon WR-PDMS | Conventional (liner 2.0 mm i.d.) | Online
Offline |
| | Hi-Sorb
Markes Int. | Standard (8 cm) or
Short (4 cm) length | 65 | 65 | PDMS-PDMS/DVB-PDMS/CWR-DVB/CWR/PDMS | HiSorb extraction module | Online
Offline |
|
| Twister
Gerstel GmbH | 10–20 mm length | — | 63 to 126 | PDMS-PDMS/EG | TDU or TDS | Online
Offline |
| | Monotrap
GL Science Inc | 2.9–10 mm diameter | 45 to 160 | — | AC/C18-C18-GRAPHITE/C18-GRAPHITE/PDMS | Optic-4 | Online
Offline |
|
| TF-SPME
Gerstel GmbH | 40 × 4.85 × 0.04 mm | 198 | 200 | PDMS-PDMS/DVB-PDMS/CAR-PDMS/HLB | TDU | Online
Offline |
| | CBS
Restek Corp. | 42 mm length | 30 | — | PAN/HLB | OPSI | Online |
| | NTME
Pas Tech. | Gauge 22 or 23
Length of 50–80 mm | 3.0 | — | Tenax- PDMS-DVB-carbopack-carboxen-carbosieve | Conventional (liner split/splitless) | Online
Offline |
|
|
PDMS: polydimethylsiloxane; PA: polyacrylate; CAR: carboxen; PEG: polyethylene glycol; DVB: divinylbenzene; Carbon WR or CWR: carbon wide range; AC: activated carbon; HLB: hydrophilic-lipophilic balanced; PAN: polyacrylonitrile; TDU: thermal desorption unit; TDS: thermal desorption system; OPSI: open port sampling interface.
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