Research Article
Factors Influencing Home Death in a Japanese Metropolitan Region
Table 1
Characteristic of the HCSCs.
| | Total | No. clinics (%) | value | | | Single, | Multiple, |
| | Health workers | | | | | | Physiciansa | 2.6 ± 3.3 | 1 | 4.6 ± 4.1 | <.001 | | Nursesa | 2.7 ± 3.7 | 1.4 ± 1.3 | 4.1 ± 4.8 | <.001 | | Social worker (Yes) | 17 (10.2) | 1 (1.1) | 16 (21.3) | <.001 | | Others (Yes) | 64 (38.6) | 21 (23.1) | 43 (57.3) | <.001 | | Providing medical care | | | | | | Oxygen inhalation | 146 (88.0) | 77 (84.6) | 69 (92.0) | .228 | | Ventilator | 63 (38.0) | 27 (29.7) | 36 (48.0) | .024 | | Intravenous hyperalimentation (IVH) | 106 (63.9) | 50 (55.6) | 56 (74.7) | .014 | | Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) | 110 (66.3) | 56 (62.2) | 54 (72.0) | .246 | | Palliative medicine | 119 (71.7) | 60 (66.7) | 59 (78.7) | .116 | | Type of clinics | | | | | | Single | 113 (68.1) | 77 (84.6) | 36 (48.0) | <.001 | | Multiple (established other institutions in parallel)b | 41 (24.7) | 10 (11.0) | 31 (41.3) | | | Hospital | 9 (5.4) | 1 (1.1) | 8 (10.7) | .004 | | Specific facility | 7 (4.2) | 1 (1.1) | 6 (8.0) | .048 | | Home visit nursing station | 16 (9.6) | 0 0.0 | 16 (21.3) | <.001 | | Home help services | 32 (19.3) | 7 (7.7) | 25 (33.3) | <.001 | | Collaboration with other agenciesc | | | | | | Hospital | | | | | | 0 | 5 (3.0) | 3 (3.3) | 2 (2.7) | <.001 | | 1 | 47 (28.3) | 33 (36.3) | 14 (18.7) | | | 2 | 32 (19.3) | 21 (23.1) | 11 (14.7) | | | 3 | 29 (17.5) | 18 (19.8) | 11 (14.7) | | | ≥4 | 49 (29.5) | 15 (16.5) | 34 (45.3) | | | Clinic | | | | | | 0 | 59 (35.5) | 34 (37.4) | 25 (33.3) | .020 | | 1 | 41 (24.7) | 23 (25.3) | 18 (24.0) | | | 2 | 22 (13.3) | 15 (16.5) | 7 (9.3) | | | 3 | 14 (8.4) | 6 (6.6) | 8 (10.7) | | | ≥4 | 22 (13.3) | 9 (9.9) | 13 (17.3) | | | Home visit nursing station | | | | | | 0 | 14 (8.4) | 9 (9.9) | 5 (6.7) | .002 | | 1 | 29 (17.5) | 17 (18.7) | 12 (16.0) | | | 2 | 27 (16.3) | 20 (22.0) | 7 (9.3) | | | 3 | 29 (17.5) | 18 (19.8) | 11 (14.7) | | | ≥4 | 63 (38.0) | 26 (28.6) | 37 (49.3) | | | Care manager | | | | | | 0 | 58 (34.9) | 40 (44.0) | 18 (24.0) | <.001 | | 1 | 3 (1.8) | 2 (2.2) | 1 (1.3) | | | 2 | 11 (6.6) | 6 (6.6) | 5 (6.7) | | | 3 | 7 (4.2) | 5 (5.5) | 2 (2.7) | | | ≥4 | 79 (47.6) | 35 (38.5) | 44 (58.7) | | | Time taken to visit the patient's home (minutes)c | | | | | | ≤15 | 65 (39.2) | 40 (44.0) | 25 (33.3) | .029 | | 6–30 | 80 (48.2) | 43 (47.3) | 37 (49.3) | | | 1–45 | 13 (7.8) | 4 (4.4) | 9 (12.0) | | | 6-60 | 3 (1.8) | 1 (1.1) | 2 (2.7) | |
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Fisher exact test; amean ± SD; Student’s t-test; bmultiple answers allowed, %; cMann-Whitney U-test.
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