Do Depressive Traits and Hostility Predict Age-Related Decline in General Intelligence?
Table 1
Sample characteristics at 50-year baseline and the three followups1.
Variable
50-year baseline
60-year followup
70-year followup
80-year followup
Number of participants
673
513
136
184
Demographic variables
Men (%, )
57 (384)
57 (293)
52 (71)
49 (91)*
Education (mean, SD)
3.6 (1.4)
3.6 (1.4)
3.6 (1.3)
3.8 (1.4)*
Social status (mean, SD)
4.5 (1.1)
4.5 (1.1)
4.5 (0.9)
4.3 (1.0)*
Lifestyle factors
Smokers (%, )
69 (461)
67 (339)*
66 (90)
55 (101)*
Sedentary work activity (%, )2
27 (183)
27 (139)
24 (32)
32 (58)
Sedentary leisure activity (%, )
18 (124)
17 (89)
15 (20)
17 (31)
BMI (mean, SD)
25.2 (4.0)
25.2 (3.8)
25.4 (4.1)
25.0 (3.3)
Systolic BP (mean mmHG, SD)
138.7 (20.4)
137.9 (19.4)
134.9 (18.2)*
135.2 (18.0)*
Total cholesterol (mean mg/dL, SD)
285.7 (49.5)
285.6 (49.9)
286.0 (47.9)
288.9 (47.7)
Fasting insulin (mean units/mL, SD)
22.6 (7.1)
22.5 (7.2)
23.4 (8.6)
22.7 (7.8)
Triglycerides (mean mM/liter, SD)
111.2 (68.4)
110.0 (70.5)
113.0 (76.1)
101.6 (50.9)*
1An* indicates that there was a significant difference on the variable between the followup subsample and the remaining part of the 50-year baseline sample.
2This percentage includes about 11% of the participants who reported no work.
