Physical Mistreatment in Persons with Alzheimer’s Disease

Table 3

Logistic regression analysis: violent caregivers versus all others (𝑛=254).

Variable	𝐵	S.E.	Sig.	EXP(𝐵)	95% C.I. for EXP(𝐵)
					Lower	Upper
Patient vulnerability
Age	.564	.555	.309	1.758	.593	5.214
Gender	−.202	.972	.048	.817	.422	.949
Race	9.569	27.669	.999	14.274	.437	8.453
Number of dementia symptoms	2.470	1.050	.019	4.817	3.509	12.518
Level of functional impairment	1.231	.581	.034	2.049	1.093	4.912
Depression	−.634	.423	.134	.530	.231	1.216
Number of drugs taken	.463	.538	.390	1.589	.553	4.563
Verbal aggression	2.129	1.450	.142	.119	.007	2.841
Violence	3.185	1.228	.010	4.168	2.176	8.399
Caregiver risk
Age	.355	.382	.352	1.426	.675	3.013
Sex	−1.497	1.471	.309	.224	.013	3.998
Race	−8.897	27.669	.999	1.010	.653	8.976
Hassle experienced by caregiving	.173	.234	.460	1.189	.751	1.880
Level of impairment sub-scale	−14.523	54.843	.996	4.962	.655	9.877
Cognitive status	.953	.800	.233	2.594	.541	12.435
Level of social support	.023	.418	.956	1.023	.451	2.322
Psychiatric symptoms	.249	.486	.608	1.283	.495	3.326
Depression	.872	.535	.103	2.391	.837	6.825
Self esteem	−.472	.514	.046	.662	.591	.748
Alcoholism	3.562	2.308	.041	3.217	2.382	4.775
Coping style	−17.491	33.673	.999	2.534	.544	5.436
Interaction of risk and vulnerability
Pt dementia * cg depression	1.728	.408	.007	5.483	3.217	7.075
Pt depression * cg hassle * Cg psychiatric symptoms	.162	.425	.052	6.176	4.511	9.706
Constant	−38.572	26.066	.139	.000

(a) Step wise logistic regression model: variables were considered significant risk factors if they were found significant on step one and if they remained significant when tested against all other significant variables in the model onstep two. All variables found significant on step 1 remained significant at step 2.
(b) Model accounts for 48.3% of the variance. Nagelkerke 𝑅 square = .483.
(c) Homer-Lemeshow goodness of fit test (𝑋² = 9.628, df = 8, 𝑃=.365).