HIV Infection in the Elderly: Arising Challenges

Table 1

Studies evaluating immunological and clinical responses to HAART.

Study, year	Aspect studied	Main findings
Semeere et al., 2014 [44]	Immunological recovery by age	Adults younger than 50 years had on average a higher CD4 increase of 45 cells per cubic millimeter (95% confidence interval: 17 to 72; = 0.001) compared with counterparts aged 60 years and older; mortality was highest among older adults compared with younger counterparts
Grabar et al., 2004 [8]	Immunologic and clinical responses to HAART in patients over 50 years old	CD4 mean increase during the first 6 months on HAART was +42.9 × 10^6 cells/L per month in patients under 50 years and +36.9 × 10^6 cells/L per month in patients over 50 years ( < 0.0001); Older patients had a significantly higher risk of clinical progression (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.52 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.15–2.00])
Mutevedzi et al., 2011 [45]	To assess whether treatment outcomes vary with age for adults receiving antiretroviral therapy	Older adults had 32% excess mortality ( =  0.004); CD4 count reconstitution was lower, despite better virological response in the older adults
Maskew et al., 2012 [46]	Differences in treatment outcomes by age category	The adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for all-cause mortality increased with increasing age; Older patients were less likely to increase their CD4 count by ≥50 cells/mm