The Association between Sleep Problems, Sleep Medication Use, and Falls in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: Results from the Health and Retirement Study 2010

Table 3

Association between sleep problems, sleep medication use, and falls in community-dwelling older adults in the US, 2010.

Variables	Unadjusted odds ratios (95% CI)	Adjusted odds ratios (95% CI)
Sleep problems
Yes	1.51 (1.37–1.65)	1.13 (1.01–1.25)
No	Ref.	Ref.
Sleep medication use
Yes	1.43 (1.26–1.62)	1.14 (1.00–1.31)
No	Ref.	Ref.
Sleep problems + sleep medication use
No sleep problem + no sleep med use	Ref.	Ref.
No sleep problem + sleep med use	1.52 (1.31–1.78)	1.24 (1.05–1.47)
Sleep problem + no sleep med use	1.53 (1.36–1.73)	1.16 (1.02–1.32)
Sleep problem + sleep med use	1.79 (1.54–2.08)	1.19 (1.01–1.41)

Note. Data source: 2010 HRS dataset (RAND HRS data file and 2010 HRS core physical health file).
value < 0.05, < 0.01, and < 0.0001.
Ref. = reference.
Full model: adjusted for age, sex, education, marital status, race, self-reported health, alcohol, number of comorbidities, limitations in instrumental activities of daily living (IADL), limitations in activities of daily living (ADL), limitations in mobility, self-rated eyesight, and incontinence.
No sleep problem + no sleep med use = participants who reported no sleep problems and no use of sleep medications.
No sleep problem + sleep med use = participants who reported no sleep problems but use of sleep medications.
Sleep problem + no sleep med use = participants who reported sleep problems and no use of sleep medications.
Sleep problem + sleep med use = participants who reported sleep problems and use of sleep medications.