Health Indicators of US Older Adults Who Received or Did Not Receive Meals Funded by the Older Americans Act

Table 2

Comparison between participants who received and did not receive meals funded by the Older Americans Act (OAA).

Variable	Received meals funded by the OAA
	Yes	No
Sex
Male	33.4; (27.0, 40.5)	45.2; (43.6, 46.9)	.001
Female	66.6; (59.5, 73.0)	54.8; (53.2, 56.4)
Race/ethnicity
Mexican Americans	4.0; (1.8, 8.7)	3.4; (2.0, 5.0)	.105
Other Hispanics	2.9; (1.6, 5.1)	4.0; (2.6, 5.9)
Non-Hispanic Blacks	12.7; (7.7, 10.2)	8.2; (6.2, 10.7)
Non-Hispanic Asians	2.6; (1.4, 4.8)	4.3; (3.2, 5.7)
Non-Hispanic Whites	77.7; (67.6, 85.4)	80.2; (75.2, 83.7)
Marital status
Married/partnered	38.8; (31.4, 46.8)	63.2; (60.2, 66.1)	<.001
Single, widowed, or divorced	61.3; (53.2, 68.6)	36.8; (33.9, 39.8)
Smoking status
Current smoker	7.6; (5.5, 10.5)	8.4; (7.0, 9.9)	.611
Not smoking	92.4; (89.5, 93.5)	91.6; (90.1, 93.0)
BMI category
Underweight/normal weight	32.0; (26.4, 38.3)	28.7; (26.1, 31.4)	.281
Overweight	36.6; (34.0, 43.4)	36.3; (33.9, 38.8)
Obesity I	19.8; (15.2, 25.5)	21.4; (18.8, 24.2)
Obesity II	6.5; (4.2, 9.9)	9.3; (8.0, 10.9)
Obesity	3.1; (1.6, 6.0)	4.3; (3.3, 5.6)
Fear of running out of food
Yes	14.9; (11.8, 18.5)	9.7; (8.3, 11.4)	.002
No	85.1; (81.5, 88.2)	90.3; (88.6, 91.7)
Poverty
Yes	23.4; (17.7, 30.4)	9.7; (8.0, 11.9)	<.001
No	76.6; (69.6, 82.3)	90.3; (88.1, 92.0)
Self-rated health
Good to excellent	44.0; (38.6, 49.6)	29.8; (26.1, 33.7)	<.001
Fair to poor	56.0; (50.4, 61.4)	70.2; (66.3, 73.9)
Stroke
Yes	15.8; (11.1, 22.2)	8.3; (7.4, 9.2)	.001
No	84.2; (77.9, 88.9)	91.7; (90.8, 92.6)
Emphysema
Yes	9.4; (6.4, 13.6)	4.9; (3.9, 6.2)	.005
No	90.6; (86.4, 93.6)	95.1; (93.8, 96.1)
Memory problems
Yes	24.8; (20.4, 30.0)	11.6; (10.3, 13.2)	<.001
No	75.1; (17.0, 79.6)	88.4; (86.8 89.8)
Need equipment for walking
Yes	32.7; (27.7, 38.0)	18.1; (15.9, 20.6)	<.001
No	67.3; (62.0, 72.3)	81.9; (79.4, 84.1)
Limited in amount of work can do
Yes	44.0; (38.6, 49.6)	29.8; (26.1, 33.7)	<.001
No	56.0; (50.4, 61.4)	70.2; (66.3, 73.9)

Data are presented as percent (95% confidence intervals). The percentages are weighted (sample weights, applied). Variables are totaled to 100% for “yes” and 100% for “no” responses. BMI: body mass index (kg/m²). Categories are defined as underweight (<18.5) to normal weight (18.5–24.9), overweight (25–29.9), Obesity I (30–34.9), Obesity II (35–39.9), and Obesity III (≥40). Poverty was considered at <1.00 poverty index. Significance was based on the adjusted , a variant of the second-order Rao-Scott adjusted chi-square statistic and its degrees of freedom. Significance was considered at .