Research Article
Hypertension, Sarcopenia, and Global Cognitive Function in Community-Dwelling Older Women: A Preliminary Study
Table 1
Characteristics of older women according to hypertension.
| Variables | Total () | Normotensive | Hypertensive | () | () |
| Anthropometric characteristics | | | Age (years) | 65.5 ± 2.0 | 65.1 ± 1.9 | Weight (kg) | 63.8 ± 10.9 | 66.4 ± 10.4 | BMI (kg/m2) | 26.0 ± 4.1 | 27.5 ± 4.5 | Body fat (%) | 32.7 ± 9.5 | 34.4 ± 7.3 | Absolute muscle mass (kg) | 41.4 ± 4.5 | 39.9 ± 7.6 | Appendicular skeletal muscle mass (kg) | 17.7 ± 4.6 | 17.4 ± 5.6 | Janssen index (kg/m2) | 65.7 ± 6.5 | 63.0 ± 7.0 | Baumgartner index (kg/m2) | 11.7 ± 1.6 | 11.9 ± 2.0 |
| Physical functional tests | | | Sit-to-stand (s) | 15.2 ± 3.3 | 15.3 ± 3.3 | Walking speed (m/s) | 0.84 ± 0.33 | 0.72 ± 0.34 | Side-by-side stand | 9.7 ± 1.1 | 9.7 ± 1.1 | Semitandem stand | 9.7 ± 1.2 | 9.6 ± 1.4 | Tandem stand | 9.4 ± 1.6 | 8.7 ± 2.6 | Short physical performance battery | 9.6 ± 1.2 | 9.3 ± 1.5 |
| Hemodynamic parameters | | | SBP (mmHg) | 126.0 ± 11.4 | 150.3 ± 18.0 | DBP (mmHg) | 77.1 ± 9.0 | 87.5 ± 10.1 | MAP (mmHg) | 93.4 ± 8.3 | 106.6 ± 17.6 | HR (bpm) | 75.3 ± 10.0 | 76.8 ± 11.5 | DP (mmHg·bpm) | 9508 ± 1561 | 11373 ± 2683 | PP (mmHg) | 49.9 ± 11.7 | 62.4 ± 16.6 |
| Clinical parameters | | | ADL | 0.15 ± 0.36 | 0.10 ± 0.30 | IADL | 2.0 ± 2.1 | 2.8 ± 3.8 | GDS | 4.9 ± 6.4 | 4.0 ± 4.6 | MMSE | 25 ± 2 | 23 ± 3 | Average of drugs | 0.31 ± 0.62 | 0.59 ± 0.79 |
| Biochemical parameters | | | Salivary NO (µM) | 150.3 ± 97.0 | 110.5 ± 67.9 |
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BMI = body mass index; SBP = systolic blood pressure; DBP = diastolic blood pressure; MAP = mean arterial pressure; HR = heart rate; DP = double product; PP = pulse pressure; ADL = activities of daily living; IADL = instrumental activities of daily living; GDS = geriatric depressive scale; MMSE = Mini-Mental State Examination; NO = nitric oxide. . |