The Effects of Lutein and Zeaxanthin Supplementation on Brain Morphology in Older Adults: A Randomized, Controlled Trial

Table 3

White matter microstructure.

	M (SD)
	Supplement (N = 33)		Placebo (N = 14)		Overall sample (N = 47)
	Pre	Post	Pre	Post	Pre	Post
Fractional anisotropy (FA)
Global	0.55076 (0.02855)	0.55257 (0.03287)	0.55384 (0.01966)	0.56195 (0.02032)	0.55167 (0.02604)	0.55537 (0.02978)
Regions-of-interest (ROIs)
Genu	0.61821 (.04982)	0.61228 (0.05182)	0.63634 (0.03231)	0.63892 (0.02889)	0.62361 (0.04573)	0.62021 (0.04750)
Anterior cingulum	0.62050 (0.05117)	0.62390 (0.05587)	0.63488 (0.03001)	0.64467 (0.03492)	0.62478 (0.04606)	0.63008 (0.05107)
Fornix	0.37296 (0.09130)	0.37186 (0.10075)	0.37936 (0.08800)	0.37860 (0.10308)	0.37487 (0.08942)	0.37387 (0.10037)
Radial diffusivity (RD)
Global	0.00053(0.00005)	0.00053 (0.00061)	0.00051 (0.00003)	0.00050 (0.00003)	0.00053 (0.00005)	0.00052 (0.00006)
Regions-of-interest (ROIs)
Genu	0.00050 (0.00010)	0.00052 (0.00010)	0.00047 (0.00049)	0.00047 (0.00042)	0.00049 (0.00009)	0.00050 (0.00009)
Anterior cingulum	0.00053 (0.00009)	0.00052 (0.00010)	0.00049 (0.00006)	0.00048 (0.00006)	0.00052 (0.00009)	0.00051 (0.00009)
Fornix	0.00156 (0.00040)	0.00158 (0.00043)	0.00154 (0.00047)	0.00156 (0.00045)	0.00155 (0.00041)	0.00157 (0.00043)
Mean diffusivity (MD)
Global	0.00081 (0.00005)	0.00081 (0.00005)	0.00079 (0.00003)	0.00078 (0.00003)	0.00081 (0.00042)	0.00080 (0.00005)
Regions-of-interest (ROIs)
Genu	0.00086 (0.00009)	0.00087 (0.00009)	0.00083 (0.00004)	0.00083 (0.00003)	0.00085 (0.00008)	0.00086 (0.00008)
Anterior cingulum	0.00090 (0.00008)	0.00090 (0.00008)	0.00087 (0.00005)	0.00085 (0.00004)	0.00089 (0.00007)	0.00088 (0.00007)
Fornix	0.00191 (0.00036)	0.00193 (0.00038)	0.00189 (0.00044)	0.00191 (0.00039)	0.00190 (0.00038)	0.00193 (0.00038)
Axial diffusivity (AD)
Global	0.00138 (0.00004)	0.00138 (0.00005)	0.00135 (0.00004)	0.00134 (0.00003)	0.00137 (0.00004)	0.00137 (0.00005)
Regions-of-interest (ROIs)
Genu	0.00156 (0.00010)	0.00158 (0.00008)	0.00155 (0.00004)	0.00155 (0.00003)	0.00156 (0.00008)	0.00157 (0.00007)
Anterior cingulum	0.00164 (0.00007)	0.00166 (0.00006)	0.00161 (0.00005)	0.00160 (0.00003)	0.00163 (0.00006)	0.00164 (0.00006)
Fornix	0.00261 (0.00029)	0.00264 (0.00301)	0.00260 (0.00038)	0.00261 (0.00030)	0.00260 (0.00032)	0.00263 (0.00030)

Note: indicates a significant change from pre- to postintervention, , controlling for age and Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) score.