Insulin-Like Growth Factor I Prevents Cellular Aging via Activation of Mitophagy

Figure 8

Hypothetical molecular mechanism mediating IGF-1’s effect on cellular aging. IGF-1 upregulates Nrf2 and Sirt3 and downregulates CDK inhibitors p16 and p21. Activation of Nrf2/Sirt3 pathway stimulates mitophagy, and p16/p21 downregulation leads to reduction in cell senescence. Both mechanisms (restoring mitochondrial function and prevention of cell senescence) contribute to antiaging effects induced by IGF-1.