Reliability of Lower Extremity Muscle Power and Functional Performance in Healthy, Older Women

Table 2

Muscle torque (n = 14), power (n = 13), and functional performance (n = 16) for time points 1 (week 0), 2 (week 9), and 3 (week 15).

	Time point			value	ES; 1 and 2	ES; 1 and 3
	1	2	3
KET	92 (35)	92 (26)	92 (28)	0.98	0.05	0.02
KEP	158 (43)	162 (39)	164 (38)	0.29	0.37	0.38
KFP	125 (31)	128 (36)	132 (32)	0.37	0.20	0.33
PFP	109 (36)	104 (37)	112 (40)	0.35	0.32	0.16
DFP	12 (4)	12 (5)	11 (3)	0.47	0.12	0.26
SPPB	12 (9, 12)	12 (9, 12)	12 (9, 12)	0.06	0.20	0.41
4 MUP (s)	3.4 (0.5)	3.2 (0.5)	3.3 (0.5)	0.40	0.27	0.30
4 MFP (s)	2.1 (0.3)	2.2 (0.3)	2.1 (0.3)	0.55	0.15	0.09
400 MW (s)	279.2 (26.5)	271.8 (15.3)	268.3 (16.0)	0.09	0.37	0.50
5 CS (s)	10.5 (2.8)	9.7 (1.6)	9.1 (2.2)^∗	0.02	0.36	0.76
30 sCS (reps)	14 (3)	15 (3)	16 (5)^∗	0.01	0.18	0.72
SCUP (s) (n = 15)	7.9 (1.2)	7.7 (1.3)	7.6 (1.3)	0.44	0.19	0.35
SCFP (s) (n = 15)	6.0 (1.1)	6.0 (0.9)	6.0 (1.0)	0.98	0.03	0.05
SCP (W) (n = 14)	273.3 (76.7)	263.2 (57.0)	271.2 (67.9)	0.51	0.26	0.06

^aData are mean (SD), except for the SPPB, where medians (min, max) are displayed since data were not normally distributed; repeated measures ANOVA used to test means across time points, except for the SPPB which was tested using Friedman test; ES = Cohen’s d effect size for time points 1 and 2 and 1 and 3, except for the SPPB which was calculated using z/√N for nonparametric data [24]. KET: isometric knee extension torque; KEP: knee extension power; KFP: knee flexion power; PFP: plantar flexion power; DFP: dorsiflexion power; SPPB: Short Physical Performance Battery; 4 MUP: 4-meter usual pace walk; 4 MFP: 4-meter fast pace walk; 400 MW: 400-meter walk; 5 CS: 5 chair stands; 30 sCS: 30-second chair stands; SCUP: stair climb usual pace; SCFP: stair climb fast pace; SCP: stair climb power for the SCFP; . For the 5 CS and 30 sCS, time point 3 was significantly different from time point 1.