| | Strategies | Challenges | Authors |
| | Contraflow or lane reversal | Unplanned contraflow orders, estimation of the number of vehicles, and how vehicles would enter contraflow lanes | Pel et al., 2008 [5], Final Report-NJIT, 2007 [6], Hamza-Lup et al., 2004 [7], Tuydes and Zilliaskopoulos, 2004 [8], Litman, 2006 [9], Buckley and Jernigan, 2001 [10], Kim et al., 2008 [11], Wolshon and Lambert, 2004 [12] |
| | Dynamic routing | Level of instructions, roadway network structure, available traffic information, and traveler compliance | Pel et al. 2010 [13], Urbanik II 2000 [14], Stepanov and Smith, 2009 [15], Chen and Zhan, 2008 [16], Liu et al., 2008 [17] |
| | Priority signal control | Priority category and number of destinations | Chiu and Zheng, 2007 [18], Kimms and Maassen, 2012 [19], Yi et al., 2012 [20] |
| | Intersection crossing elimination | Merging and postdisaster evacuation | Ardekani and Hobeika, 1988 [21], Cova and Johnson, 2003 [22], Kalafats and Peeta, 2009 [23], Chang and Edara [4], Jahangiri et al., 2014 [24] |
| | Network/route optimization | Driver behavior during evacuation and calibration | Liu et al., 2006 [25], Sbayti and Mahmassani, 2006 [26], Chiu et al., 2007 [27], Hamza-Lup et al., 2007 [28], Xie and Turnquist, 2009 [29], Xie et al., 2010 [30], Liu et al. [31], Murray-Tuite and Wolshon [32], Handford and Rogers [33], Ni [34] |
| | Car following techniques | Unrealistic driver behavior/crash avoidance | Hamdar and Mahmassani [35] |
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