Efficiency Assessment of Transit-Oriented Development by Data Envelopment Analysis: Case Study on the Den-en Toshi Line in Japan

Table 1

Indicators for DEA method.

		Indicators	Unit	Explanation
Density	x1	Population density	Person/km^2	Population per square kilometer
Diversity	x2	Land-use diversity	-	Shannon–Wiener Index
	x3	Functional land area	km^2	Total residential, commercial, official, public service land area per catchment
	x4	High-building area	km^2	Area with high buildings (over 4 floors) per catchment
Design	x5	Bus stops	-	Bus stops per unit catchment area
	x6	Daily bus operation length	km	Bus operation length per day in each catchment
	x7	Bus routes	-	Number of routes to and from railway station
	x8	Road length	km	Road length per catchment
	x9	Number of station exits	-	Number of exits per railway station
	y	Ridership	Person	Average daily commuters per station