Explanatory Factors for Public Transportation Financing Needs in Spain

Table 3

Independent variables.

Category	Acronym	Variable	Type	Measurement unit
Mobility policy	Ownership	Operating company ownership, whether the operating company is public or private.	Qualitative-dichotomous	0/1
Economic	Unemployment	Unemployment rate, unemployment rate in the autonomous community where the analysed company operates.	Quantitative	(%)
Economic	GDP	GDP per capita, GDP per capita by Autonomous Communities in which the analysed company operates.	Quantitative	(€/citizen)
Operational	Passengers	Passengers, number of passengers.	Quantitative	(no.)
Mobility policy	Price	Price of single ticket.	Quantitative	(€)
Operational	Vehicles	Vehicles, vehicles per company.	Quantitative	(no.)
Operational	KM/tra.	Kilometers travelled.	Quantitative	(no.)
Operational	Lines	Lines, number of lines operated by the company.	Quantitative	(no.)
Political	COMM/par.	Autonomous community party, political party that governs in the autonomous community.	Qualitative
Mobility policy	FIN/reg.	Local or autonomous community-level financing regulation.	Qualitative-dichotomous	0/1
Economic	COMM/def.	Autonomous community deficit, number of operating expenses not covered by tariff revenues per Autonomous Community.	Quantitative	(%)
Economic	MUN/def.	Municipal deficit per citizen, number of operating expenses not covered by tariff revenues per citizen (by municipalities).	Quantitative	(€/citizen)
Mobility policy	TRSP/aut.	Transport authority (organisms).	Qualitative-dichotomous	0/1
Sociodemographic	Metro/light rail	Metro/light rail in the municipality.	Qualitative-dichotomous	0/1
Operational	Employees	Employees, number of employees per company.	Quantitative	(no.)
Operational	Drivers	Drivers, number of drivers per company.	Quantitative	(no.)
Sociodemographic	POP/den.	Population density, average number of citizens in the autonomous community where the analysed company operates.	Quantitative	citizens/m^2

Source: authors’ own.