Exploring the Effects of Signs’ Design and In-Vehicle Audio Warning on Driver Behavior at Flashing-Light-Controlled Grade Crossings: A Driving Simulator-Based Study

Table 2

Mean speed within different categories of factors.

Effect	Classification	Parameter	Speed 300	Speed 220	Speed 100	Speed 50	Speed 20
Foggy condition	Clear	Mean	63.41	60.95	52.00	41.00	25.04
		S.D.	67.35	77.72	116.85	165.93	262.75
	Fog	Mean	55.94	53.36	50.07	42.44	25.53
		S.D.	130.66	147.83	139.57	153.25	208.01
Gender	Male	Mean	60.19	57.55	51.34	41.28	24.07
		S.D.	124.19	139.93	145.29	178.89	261.02
	Female	Mean	59.00	56.62	50.66	42.25	26.75
		S.D.	99.22	112.07	109.71	136.93	200.35
Vocation	P	Mean	59.57	56.88	51.19	41.65	24.86
		S.D.	121.40	138.89	129.91	177.84	276.51
	NP	Mean	59.71	57.35	50.88	41.79	25.68
		S.D.	105.69	116.96	128.57	143.81	197.23
Crossing type	Baseline	Mean	59.86	59.14	55.30	46.18	28.82
		S.D.	114.47	108.86	113.43	149.87	250.92
	PSM	Mean	60.08	58.43	51.78	46.18	29.56
		S.D.	108.58	118.27	128.76	155.25	273.12
	PSM + W	Mean	58.99	53.81	46.01	34.62	17.48
		S.D.	116.13	138.87	101.77	97.94	90.29
FLTT (s)	2	Mean	59.34	56.98	50.92	45.40	36.98
		S.D.	129.46	136.37	137.35	161.25	292.17
	3	Mean	60.64	58.03	51.48	44.23	30.54
		S.D.	105.66	118.53	123.11	156.10	235.84
	4	Mean	59.02	56.39	51.02	43.15	23.09
		S.D.	111.92	128.76	134.80	175.54	166.92
	5	Mean	60.16	57.83	51.12	39.77	18.43
		S.D.	100.65	111.68	120.38	129.66	100.78
	6	Mean	59.07	56.40	50.61	36.08	17.40
		S.D.	117.49	141.11	131.59	121.83	103.77