A Hybrid Approach Based on Variational Mode Decomposition for Analyzing and Predicting Urban Travel Speed

Figure 1

The urban road network that was studied: (a) spatial distribution of the studied site with missing rate of link travel speed data, (b) temporal distribution of missing rate of link travel speed data, and (c) mean and standard deviation of the travel speed on links that had a missing rate of less than 10%.

(a)

(b)

(c)