Vehicle Scheduling Optimization considering the Passenger Waiting Cost

Table 1

Literature review for the multidepot vehicle scheduling problem.

Authors (year)	Objective	Characteristics	Solution method
Haghani and Banihashemi (2002)	Solving the possible fuel dissipation constraints	Route time constraints	Decomposition & Heuristic
Ceder (2002, 2005)	Minimum size of the fleet	Extending each trip’s arrival time	DF method
Wagale M (2013)	Optimize the bus scheduling process.	An integrated demand- and travel time responsive model	Sensitivity analysis
Ibarra-Rojas et al. (2014)	Trade-off between the level of service and operating costs	-constraint	Linear programming & composition
Schöbel (2017)	Optimizing the whole process	Eigenmodel for the design of reoptimization procedures	Heuristic & Iterative approaches
Liu (2017)	Integrated timetable synchronization and vehicle scheduling problem with transit assignment	A new biobjective, bilevel integer programming model.	Mathematical programming approach & Pareto-efficient solutions
Tang (2018)	Minimum fleet size for single-line	Adjusting variable trips to accommodate different strategies	DF methodology