Multiobjective Calibration Framework for Pedestrian Simulation Models: A study on the Effect of Movement Base Cases, Metrics, and Density Levels

Figure 5

Results of calibrating the model using a single objective. Graphs (a)-(d) show, per combination of metric and scenario, how the objective values (calculated according to (11)) are distributed. Graphs (e)-(j) show the nonnormalized, nonsquared errors (i.e., ) which give insight into size and the distribution of the errors. The flow scenarios are identified by their acronyms (i.e., B-H = bidirectional high, B-L = bidirectional low, B = bottleneck, C-H = corner high, C-L = corner low, T –H = T-junction high, and T-L = T-junction low).

(a) Flow

(b) Spatial distribution

(c) Travel time

(d) Effort

(e) Flow

(f) Spatial distribution

(g) Travel time-mean

(h) Effort-mean

(i) Travel time-std

(j) Effort-std