Evaluation of Ramp Metering Impacts on Travel Time Reliability and Traffic Operations through Simulation

Table 4

Mean, median, percentile, percentile travel time, buffer time, and buffer index for the no control, ALINEA, and HERO ramp control per section.

	No control	ALINEA	HERO	ALINEA (%)	HERO (%)
Section 1
	303 sec	290 sec	294 sec	-4.3%	-2.9%
	257 sec	257 sec	257 sec	0.0%	0.0%
TT85	359 sec	320 sec	332 sec	-11.0%	-7.7%
TT95	447 sec	384 sec	408 sec	-13.9%	-8.8%
Buffer Time	156 sec	106 sec	126 sec	-32.0%	-19.2%
Buffer Index	53.5%	38.2%	44.6%	-28.6%	-16.6%
Section 2
	249 sec	257 sec	256 sec	3.1%	2.7%
	221 sec	222 sec	222 sec	0.3%	0.3%
TT85	290 sec	315 sec	310 sec	8.8%	7.2%
TT95	390 sec	420 sec	426 sec	7.2%	9.4%
Buffer Time	140 sec	163 sec	170 sec	16.4%	21.4%
Buffer Index	56.2%	63.2%	66.3%	12.5%	18.0%