Examining the Environmental, Vehicle, and Driver Factors Associated with Crossing Crashes of Elderly Drivers Using Association Rules Mining
Table 1
Descriptive statistics of significant variables.
Elderly drivers
Nonelderly drivers
Percentage
99% CIs
Percentage
99% CIs
Crash location
Intersection with signal
22.2
19.2–25.1
19.0
17.9–20.2
Intersection without signal
39.2
35.7–42.7
34.1
32.8–35.4
Segment
38.6
35.1–42.1
46.9
45.5–48.3
Total
100.0
100.0
Lighting
Daylight
61.5
58.0–64.9
50.0
48.6–51.4
Dawn
24.1
21.1–27.2
21.3
20.2–22.5
Night
14.4
11.9–16.9
28.7
27.4–29.9
Total
100.0
100.0
Road condition
Dry
89.5
87.3–91.7
87.0
86.1–88.0
Other
10.5
8.3–12.7
13.0
12.0–13.9
Total
100.0
100.0
Weather condition
Clear
77.1
74.2–80.1
74.5
73.3–75.7
Raining
10.3
8.1–12.4
11.8
10.9–12.7
Other
12.6
10.2–14.9
13.7
12.7–14.6
Total
100.0
100.0
Vehicle type
Light motor truck
17.1
14.4–19.7
4.5
3.9–5.0
Light motor car
18.1
15.3–20.8
21.9
20.7–23.1
Ordinary motor truck
4.6
3.1–6.1
10.2
9.4–11.1
Ordinary motor car
60.2
56.8–63.7
63.4
62.0–64.8
Total
100.0
100.0
Traffic violation
Inattention
22.0
19.1–25.0
30.8
29.5–32.1
Fail to confirm safety
60.9
57.5–64.4
55.1
53.7–56.5
Incorrect operation
5.6
4.0–7.3
5.6
4.9–6.2
Fail to observe objects
2.5
1.4–3.6
2.8
2.3–3.3
Disobey traffic lights
3.0
1.8–4.2
2.2
1.8–2.6
Disobey stop sign
2.3
1.2–3.3
1.3
1.0–1.6
Other
3.7
2.3–5.0
2.2
1.8–2.6
Total
100.0
100.0
Crash type
With a pedestrian
8.1
6.1–10.0
5.5
4.8–6.1
Single-vehicle
4.8
3.3–6.3
2.9
2.4–3.3
Head-on
5.2
3.6–6.8
3.3
2.8–3.8
Rear-end
24.6
21.5–27.7
44.1
42.7–45.5
Crossing
29.0
25.8–32.2
23.0
21.8–24.1
Right-turn
10.4
8.3–12.6
7.0
6.3–7.7
Others
17.9
15.2–20.6
14.3
13.3–15.3
Total
100.0
100.0
Note. (1) Rows in bold indicates statistical significance (i.e., no overlap in the 99% confidence level). (2) Two-vehicle crashes are classified to head-on, rear-end, crossing, right-turn, and others in this study.
