Estimating Wait Time and Passenger Load in a Saturated Metro Network: A Data-Driven Approach

Table 2

Levels of crowding.

Level	Space per standee		Passenger perspective
I	>10.8 ft^2/p	>1.00 m^2/p	Passengers are able to spread out
II	5.4–10.8 ft^2/p	0.5–1.0 m^2/p	Comfortable standing load that retains space between passengers
III	4.3–5.3 ft^2/p	0.40–0.49 m^2/p	Standing load without body contact
IV	3.2–4.2 ft^2/p	0.30–0.39 m^2/p	Occasional body contact
V	2.2–3.1 ft^2/p	0.20–0.29 m^2/p	Approaching uncomfortable conditions
VI	<2.2 ft^2/p	<0.20 m^2/p	Crush loading conditions

Note. See exhibits 5–17 [1].