Change-Oriented Risk Management in Civil Aviation Operation: A Case Study in China Air Navigation Service Provider

Table 1

“5M” and its implications.

Elements	Factors
Mission	The type of task implemented, such as conflict detection and resolution, traffic planning, and coordination..
Man	Human elements inclusive of physiological, psychological, proficiency, skills, and qualifications.
Machine	The design, manufacture, operation, and maintenance of aircraft and related aviation equipment.
Management	A set of policies, procedures, and regulations involved in operating, maintaining, installing, and decommissioning a system.
Medium	The environment where the task is to be conducted inclusive of airspace, weather conditions, terrain, and navaids.