Research Article

Towards a Severity Assessment Method for Potential Cyber Attacks to Connected and Autonomous Vehicles

Table 4

Possible attacks in CAV.

Asset nameImportanceRisk nameDifficulty of conductionDetection possibilitiesConsequencesSeverity of information leakagePhysical damageSeverity levelRecovery time

AutomationAudio/video devicesLowLoud volumeMediumHighDistract passenger’s attentionLowMediumLowLow
Fake soundMediumHighCause passenger’s panicLowLowLowLow
Remote controlHighMediumTake control of the vehicleHighHighHighMedium
CamerasMediumBlind visionLowHighBlock the vision of vehiclesLowMediumLowLow
Mislead cameras (fake vision)LowMediumWrong reactions of vehiclesLowMedium-highHighLow
Battery systemHighDoSHighMediumConsuming battery energyLowMediumMediumHigh
LidarMediumJammingMediumMediumDecreasing the performance of LiDARLowMediumLowMedium
Hidden objectsMediumMediumWrong reactions of vehiclesLowMedium-highHighMedium
Fake objectsMediumMediumWrong reactions of vehiclesLowMediumMediumMedium
RadarMediumJammingMediumMediumDecreasing the performance of radarLowMediumLowMedium
Hidden objectsMediumMediumWrong reactions of vehiclesLowMedium-highHighMedium
Fake objectsMediumMediumWrong reactions of vehiclesLowMediumMediumMedium
GNSSMediumSpoofingHighLowWrong positionMediumHighHighHigh
JammingMediumLowSignal loseLowMediumLowMedium
In-vehicle systemHighInjectionMediumMediumInformation leakage and wrong reactionMediumMediumMediumMedium
EavesdroppingMediumLowLeakage of personal informationHighLowMediumLow
Traffic analysisLowLowLeakage of daily usageHighLowMediumLow
ModificationHighMediumWrong message receivedMediumMediumMediumMedium
ConnectivityWith other vehiclesMediumDoSLowHighBlock vehicle communication channelLowMediumLowHigh
Modification messageMediumMediumWrong reactions of vehiclesMediumMediumMediumMedium
Fake/ghost messageMediumMediumWrong reactions of vehiclesMediumMediumMediumMedium
With infrastructureInfrastructureLow-mediumChange infrastructure signLow-mediumMediumWrong reactions of vehiclesLowMediumMediumLow
Block/remove signLowMediumNo reaction in specific positionLowHighMediumLow
RoadLow-mediumRoad line/infrastructure changingLowHighWrong reactions of vehiclesLowMediumLowLow
Cloud systemAuthorityMediumFake identityHighMediumIdentity leakageHighMediumHighMedium
Cloud databaseMediumInjectionHighMediumWrong message receivedMediumMediumMediumMedium-high
ModificationHighMediumWrong information from cloudMediumMediumMediumMedium-high