Model Contrast of Autonomous Vehicle Impacts on Traffic

Table 2

FDOT adjustments for CAVs.

Factor	CAV effect simulated	Control parameter
Trip length average	The lengths of trips such as home-based work (HBW) may increase due to the change in value of time when relieved from driving	Friction factor (FF)—a factor of the gravity model that sets the travel impedance among zones. This may change the trip distribution among zones
Roadway capacity	Density balancing, automatic rerouting, smoother traffic flows, fewer incidents, and higher throughput from closer travel gaps and higher speeds	Highway capacity (HC)—lookup table adjustments to the capacities of freeways and expressways (HC-FE) in the central business district (CBD), and capacities of divided arterials (HC-AD) and undivided arterials (HC-AU) in urban areas
Accessibility	Door-to-door service and self-parking will reduce the out-of-vehicle travel time necessary to access transportation	Terminal time (TT)—lookup table for the factor reduction in out-of-vehicle travel time in CBD and fringe areas
Mode choice	Increased accessibility and door-to-door convenience for nondrivers may spur a shift away from public transit	Auto trip table—factor increase in trips taken by the current nondrivers (AT-D) and a factor increase for special zones that AVs service (AT-S)