A Review of Data Envelopment Analysis in Airline Efficiency: State of the Art and Prospects

Table 4

Application of nonradial DEA and EBM in airline efficiency.

Papers	Airlines	Period	Methodology
[70]	11 middle eastern airlines	2010	Slack-based measure (SBM) network DEA
[71]	27 international airlines	2010	Slack-based environmental measure (SBM) DEA
[72]	16 lost cost carriers	2008	Slack-based measure (SBM) network DEA
[73]	16 European airlines	2007	Two-stage slack-based measure (SBM)
[74]	22 international airlines	2008–2012	Virtual frontier network SBM
[75]	35 international airlines	2007–2009	Metadynamic network slack-based measure (MDN-SBM)
[69]	22 international airlines	2008–2012	Network SBM with weak disposability
[76]	22 international airlines	2008–2012	Virtual frontier dynamic range-adjusted measure
[77]	22 international airlines	2008–2012	Network SBM with weak disposability and strong disposability
[78]	7 Iranian airlines	2007–2011	Range-adjusted measure and strong complementary slackness condition and discriminant analysis
[79]	13 international airlines	2010	Two-stage network slack-based measure DEA
[80]	19 international airlines	2008–2014	Network Epsilon-based and slack-based measure and regression analysis
[81]	19 international airlines	2009–2014	Dynamic Epsilon-based measure
[82]	18 Chinese and the US airlines	2011–2014	Slack-based measure and Tobit analysis and Malmquist-Luenberger index
[83]	30 international airlines	2009–2012	Two-stage dynamic network SBM-DEA
[84]	11 ASEAN airlines	2013–2016	Grey model and SBM-DEA
[85]	29 international airlines	2021e-2023e	Network Epsilon-based measure with managerial disposability