Investigating the Impacts of Road Traffic Conditions and Driver’s Characteristics on Automated Vehicle Takeover Time and Quality Using a Driving Simulator

Table 17

Takeover time by gender and age.

Variables	20 s	30 s	40 s	50 s	60 s or older	Total
Male	2.07 ± 0.16 sec	1.79 ± 0.10 sec	2.17 ± 0.12 sec	2.30 ± 0.16 sec	1.88 ± 0.11 sec	2.04 ± 0.06 sec
Female	1.78 ± 0.32 sec	2.17 ± 0.32 sec	2.22 ± 0.32 sec	2.49 ± 0.12 sec	5.27 ± 0.19 sec	2.79 ± 0.12 sec
Total	1.93 ± 0.18 sec	1.98 ± 0.17 sec	2.20 ± 0.17 sec	2.39 ± 0.10 sec	3.58 ± 0.11 sec	—