An Improved CEEMDAN-FE-TCN Model for Highway Traffic Flow Prediction

Table 5

Prediction error and training time of TCN in different IMF of 718462.

IMF	MAE	RMSE	Training time (s)	IMF	MAE	RMSE	Training time (s)
1	2.088	2.981	33.178	7	0.063	0.108	30.771
2	0.596	0.817	42.502	8	0.063	0.119	36.728
3	0.207	0.257	44.560	7 + 8	0.049	0.077	32.792
4	0.046	0.107	38.292	9	0.001	0.002	14.703
3 + 4	0.172	0.241	44.404	10	0.001	0.001	20.681
5	0.056	0.072	42.712	11	0.001	0.001	30.917
6	0.017	0.025	30.733	12	0.001	0.001	14.653
5 + 6	0.054	0.092	29.380	9 + 10 + 11 + 12	0.001	0.003	22.835