Evaluation of the Cost of Intelligent Upgrades of Transportation Infrastructure for Intelligent Connected Vehicles

Table 1

Classification of intelligent levels of transportation infrastructure.

Intelligent levels of transportation infrastructure	Targets	Functions
Primary	Shares key information with ICVs and replaces them to complete part of the perception work	(1) Provides ICVs with information on traffic signals, real-time traffic flows, and other road conditions based on vehicle-road-cloud communication
		(2) Provides traffic management and law enforcement departments with road information, such as traffic accidents and violations of laws and regulations, based on road sensors
		(3) Provides ICVs with information of gas stations, parking lots, and other peripheral service facilities based on the network of transportation auxiliary infrastructure
Intermediate	Replaces the ICVs to complete all perception work and shares a part of the computing decision-making work through edge computing servers	(1) Provides real-time point-to-point information of surrounding roads and helps ICVs compute and make decisions based on vehicle-road-cloud-people communication and high-precision GPS positioning
		(2) Provides traffic participants with more peripheral service information at a faster pace with the gradual expansion of the coverage of the 5G communication environment
Advanced	Improves computing ability of ICVs and connects ICVs to intelligent urban for unified scheduling	(1) Controls traffic participants in a cooperative manner and makes all decisions for ICVs based on the communication among vehicles, roads, clouds, people, buildings, and intelligent devices
		(2) Smoothly provides ICVs with more diversified services, information, and more functions such as photovoltaic wireless charging