Automatic Guided Vehicles Introduction Impacts to Roll-On/Roll-Off Terminals: Simulation and Cost Model Analysis

Table 2

Results for AGV loading system scenario 1. The simulation results are reported in the same way as in Figure 4 and we tested 10–40 AGVs.

Number of AGVs employed	Total loading time (s)	Reduction rate for the loading time compared with the previous number of AGVs (%)	Average waiting time within the external ramp (s)
10	267,469.00		0.1728
11	243,316.00	−9.03	0.2207
12	223,131.00	−8.30	0.3075
13	206,215.00	−7.58	0.3487
14	191,658.00	−7.06	0.4306
15	179,118.00	−6.54	0.5182
16	168,065.00	−6.17	0.6281
17	158,403.00	−5.75	0.7933
18	149,761.00	−5.46	0.9676
19	142,008.00	−5.18	1.1023
20	135,208.00	−4.79	1.3167
21	129,067.00	−4.54	1.6814
22	123,464.00	−4.34	1.9076
23	118,218.00	−4.25	2.0848
24	113,642.00	−3.87	2.4887
25	109,490.00	−3.65	2.9827
26	105,628.00	−3.53	3.3725
27	102,098.00	−3.34	4.2814
28	99,278.00	−2.76	5.7039
29	96,806.00	−2.49	7.4914
30	94,520.00	−2.36	9.3743
31	92,593.00	−2.04	11.8527
32	90,984.00	−1.74	14.9762
33	89,737.00	−1.37	18.3850
34	89,063.00	−0.75	23.2587
35	88,376.00	−0.77	27.2625
36	88,117.00	−0.29	32.9849
37	87,877.00	−0.27	38.2575
38	87,626.00	−0.29	43.9438
39	87,475.00	−0.17	49.4631
40	87,394.00	−0.09	54.4195