Transportation System Vulnerability Assessment considering Environmental Impact

Table 1

Consequences associated with extreme events.

Extreme events	Year	Region	Direct economic loss
Earthquake	1994	Los Angeles City, the United States	$40 billion
Hurricane	2005	State of Louisiana, the United States	$125 billion
Earthquake	2008	Sichuan Province, China	$100 billion
Tsunami	2011	Tohoku, Japan	$170 billion
Hurricane	2012	New York City, the United States	$7.5 billion
Heavy rainstorm	2021	Henan Province, China	¥114 billion