Research Article

A Data-Driven Functional Classification of Urban Roadways Based on Geometric Design, Traffic Characteristics, and Land Use Features

Table 1

AIA street classification system [18].

ClassificationScaleSpeedLocationSpecific feature

HighwayLong-distanceMediumOpen countryFree of intersections, driveways, and adjacent buildings
BoulevardLong-distanceMediumUrbanized areaBuildings line, expansive parking, and sidewalk inside and planting trees in center
AvenueShort-distanceMediumUrban areaEnds with a significant building or monument
DriveEdge of the urban area and beside of natural zoneMediumAlong a waterfront, park, or headlandOne side of the drive, boulevard, with sidewalk and buildings, while the other has the qualities of a parkway, with naturalistic planting and rural detailing
StreetSmall-scaleLowAccess to higher density areas like business zones or rowhousesRaised curbs, wide sidewalks, closed drainage, parallel parking, trees in individual planting areas, and buildings aligned on short setbacks
RoadSmall-scaleLowFrontage of low-density buildings such as housesRural landscape with open areas, plantings and narrow sidewalks
AlleyNarrow access routeServicing the rear of buildings on a streetUsually paved to their edges, with center drainage via an inverted crown
LaneNarrow access routeAccess to houses' backyardUseful for accommodating utility runs, enhancing the privacy of rear yards, and providing play areas for children
PassageNarrow, pedestrian-only connectorCutting between buildingsAccess from the middle of long blocks and connect frontage and backyard of blocks
PathNarrow pedestrian and bicycle connectorA park or the open countryEmerge from the sidewalk network, necessary along highways but not required to supplement boulevards, streets, and roads