Fire Whirl Evolution Observed during a Valley Wind-Sea Breeze Reversal

<table class="table-group" width="800px"><tr class="fig-image" id="a"><td><img alt="569475.fig.008a" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jc/volume-2011/569475/figures/569475.fig.008a.jpg"/></td></tr><tr class="fig-caption"><td align="center"><table><tr><td><b>(a) </b>up-valley</td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="fig-image" id="b"><td><img alt="569475.fig.008b" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jc/volume-2011/569475/figures/569475.fig.008b.jpg"/></td></tr><tr class="fig-caption"><td align="center"><table><tr><td><b>(b) </b>vertical</td></tr></table></td></tr></table>

<table>A time series of 1 Hz (a) along valley and (b) vertical velocity, <svg height="7.9499998" id="M9" style="vertical-align:-0.1638pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 12.225 7.9499998" width="12.225" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,7.675)"><path d="M689 332q0 -81 -40 -161.5t-103.5 -131.5t-127.5 -51q-32 0 -58.5 16t-40.5 46q-70 -62 -139 -62q-45 0 -77.5 30t-32.5 86q0 8 7 52q11 77 45 187q6 19 6 34q0 6 -7 6q-24 0 -78 -64l-20 23q32 48 73 77t78 29q32 0 32 -43q0 -30 -12 -73q-27 -95 -38 -152
q-8 -44 -8 -58q0 -77 68 -77q31 0 60 33.5t39 77.5l62 260l75 16l5 -6l-63 -246q-8 -29 -8 -58q0 -77 68 -77q66 0 116 75.5t50 194.5q0 43 -12 57q-11 12 -11 24q0 19 15 35.5t34 16.5q18 0 30.5 -34.5t12.5 -81.5z" id="x1D464"></path></g>
</svg>, observed at the interior tower. Positive along-valley wind velocities in (a) indicate up-valley direction.</table>

Journal of Combustion

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Figure 8

Figure 8: Fire Whirl Evolution Observed during a Valley Wind-Sea Breeze Reversal 