A Case-Control Study of Risk Factors for Salivary Gland Cancer in Canada
Table 2
Odds ratios (OR) of salivary gland cancer associated with some demographic and lifestyle factors.
Variables
Cases
Controls
OR
95% CI
p trend
Family income adequacy
Low income
14
454
Ref
0.29
Lower middle income
21
482
1.17
0.69–1.98
Upper middle income
35
748
1.19
0.76–1.86
High income
28
545
1.28
0.79–2.08
Education (years)
0–8
30
558
Ref
0.12
9–12
48
1249
0.67
0.41–1.07
>12
52
1258
0.65
0.40–1.06
Smoking status
Never smoked
51
1164
Ref
0.87
Ex-smoker
51
1254
0.96
0.63–1.47
Current smoker
30
658
0.97
0.60–1.54
Smoking pack years
0 (never smoked)
51
1164
Ref
0.54
1–<20
36
880
0.91
0.59–1.42
20–<40
21
558
0.88
0.52–1.49
≥40
23
443
1.35
0.78–2.33
Body mass index (kg/m2)
18.5–<25.0
58
1406
Ref
0.17
25.0–<30.0
47
1173
0.97
0.65–1.45
≥30.0
26
409
1.52
0.94–2.45
Moderate and strenuous recreational physical activity (sessions/month)
<8
50
1015
Ref
0.29
8–30
46
1093
0.85
0.56–1.29
>30
36
968
0.78
0.50–1.23
Total energy intake (kcalories/week)
<10747
36
1022
Ref
0.47
10747–<14429
52
1028
1.44
0.93–2.23
≥14429
44
1022
1.19
0.76–1.88
Alcohol consumption (drinks/week)
0
43
1124
Ref
0.23
1–7
52
1287
0.99
0.65–1.50
>7
37
663
1.37
0.85–2.20
Coffee consumption (average cups/week)
0–7
56
1270
Ref
0.93
>7–17.5
49
1143
0.98
0.66–1.45
>17.5
27
600
0.98
0.61–1.58
Tea consumption (average cups/week)
0
31
729
Ref
0.30
1–7
56
1301
1.09
0.70–1.72
>7
43
943
1.29
0.79–1.20
Occupational exposure to radiation
No
120
2913
Ref
Yes
10
160
1.39
0.72–2.72
Chemical
No
81
1934
Ref
Yes
51
1142
1.01
0.68–1.48
for age, sex, and province of residence. at work or home with asbestos, arsenic salts, chromium salts, cadmium salts, asphalt, mineral oils, benzidine, benzene, isopropyl oil, dyestuffs, vinyl chloride, pesticides, herbicides, mustard gas, welding, and wood dust.
