Carbon Nanotubes: A Review on Structure and Their Interaction with Proteins

Table 7

Structural studies of protein immobilized onto carbon nanotubes.

Protein	Nanomaterial	Spectroscopic techniques	Results	Reference
Albumin Lysozyme	SWCNTs	Circular dichroism; Vis-Near IR	The protein are partially unfolded upon immobilization	[110]
Cytochrome c	MWCNT/poly; (amidoamine)/chitosan	UV-Vis	No structural changes upon immobilization	[174]
Amyloglucosidase	SWCNTs, MWCNTs (in combination of coupling agents)	Circular dichroism	Enzyme retains its structure when physically adsorbed. However, covalent attachment leads to significant loss of structure.	[187]
Horseradish peroxidase	SWCNTs	Circular dichroism and fluorescence	Enzyme retain high percentage of their native structure when immobilized.	[113]