Liquid-Liquid Extraction/Low-Temperature Purification (LLE/LTP) Followed by Dispersive Solid-Phase Extraction (d-SPE) Cleanup for Multiresidue Analysis in Palm Oil by LC-QTOF-MS

Table 3

Calibration data, matrix effects expressed as the average standard deviation (RSD %) and the ratio between the calibration curve slopes of matrix-matched standards and solvent-based standards, LOD and LOQ of the pesticides analysed in palm oil samples by LC-QTOF-MS.

Pesticide	Solvent		Matrix		ME (Δ%)	LOD (ng g^−1)	LOQ (ng g^−1)	*MRL (ng g^−1)	Residues found (ng g^−1)
	Slope	𝑅^2	Slope	𝑅^2
Dimethoate	18194	0.9989	11352	0.9992	0.62(−37.6)	2.0	6.1	50	6.5
Simazine	10474	0.9994	10876	0.9990	1.04(+3.8)	2.7	8.2	n.r	n.d
Carbaryl	63523	0.9996	69046	0.9989	1.08(+8.7)	2.0	6.1	25000	n.d
Atrazine	22762	0.9984	21574	0.9988	0.94(−5.2)	1.5	4.6	n.r	n.d
Diuron	22563	0.9993	27595	0.9987	1.22(+22.3)	0.8	2.1	200	n.d
Terbuthylazine	41022	0.9995	46485	0.9992	1.13(+13.3)	1.0	3.0	n.r	n.d
Malathion	12050	0.9993	12411	0.9990	0.82(−17.5)	1.1	3.1	500	3.5

*MRL for pesticides in palm oil [5].
n.r: not reported.
n.d: not detected.