Oyster and <i>Pyramidella</i> Shells as Heterogeneous Catalysts for the Microwave-Assisted Biodiesel Production from <i>Jatropha curcas</i> Oil

<div>XRD patterns of natural and calcined<i> Pyramidella</i> shell (symbols: <svg height="8.65337pt" id="M9" style="vertical-align:-0.2129898pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.44038 9.51014 8.65337" width="9.51014pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.0136,0,0,-0.0136,0,0)"><path d="M662 300C662 472 520 612 346 612S31 472 31 300S172 -11 346 -11S662 128 662 300Z" id="g185-54"></path><glyph.data ascent="989" descent="-303" horiz-adv-x="692" vert-adv-y="692"></glyph.data></g></svg> CaCO<sub>3</sub>, <svg height="6.25997pt" id="M10" style="vertical-align:-0.04981041pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -6.21016 6.65435 6.25997" width="6.65435pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.0136,0,0,-0.0136,0,0)"><path d="M453 85L242 446H240L29 85L31 83H451L453 85Z"></path><glyph.data ascent="900" descent="-389" horiz-adv-x="482" vert-adv-y="482"></glyph.data></g></svg>CaO, and <svg height="9.75491pt" id="M11" style="vertical-align:-0.7705708pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.98434 10.8972 9.75491" width="10.8972pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.0136,0,0,-0.0136,0,0)"><path d="M397 654L44 301L397 -52L750 301L397 654Z" id="g185-42"></path><glyph.data ascent="989" descent="-303" horiz-adv-x="794" vert-adv-y="794"></glyph.data></g></svg> Ca(OH)<sub>2</sub>).</div>

Journal of Chemistry

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Figure 4

Figure 4: Oyster and <i>Pyramidella</i> Shells as Heterogeneous Catalysts for the Microwave-Assisted Biodiesel Production from <i>Jatropha curcas</i> Oil 

Journal of Chemistry

Oyster and Pyramidella Shells as Heterogeneous Catalysts for the Microwave-Assisted Biodiesel Production from Jatropha curcas Oil

Figure 4