Investigation of the Changes in Surface Area and FT-IR Spectra of Activated Carbons Obtained from Hazelnut Shells by Physicochemical Treatment Methods

Table 1

Treatment methods applied for obtaining of different ACs from charcoal samples that were obtained by pyrolysis of raw hazelnut shells at 250°C.

Treatment method
Chemical treatment	Physicochemical treatment	Thermal treatment
Subjecting of chemical agent solutions (ZnCl2, KOH, AlCl3, and Ca(OCl)2) to the charcoal sample	Applying of; (i) microwave treatment,; (ii) ultrasound treatment (sonic wave infusion),; (iii) microwave and ultrasound treatment together; to the charcoal sample during the chemical treatment	Pyrolysis of; (i) the charcoal sample,; (ii) the chemically treated ACs,; (iii) the physicochemically treated ACs; at 250 and 700°C