Magnetic Solid Phase Extraction Applied to Food Analysis

Table 2

Experimental MSPE conditions used for analysis of tissue samples.

Analyte	Amount of liquid sample	Magnetic material coating	Eluent volume	Eluent	Technique	Limit of detection	Recovery	References
Sulfonamides	5.0 mL	Fe3O4@SiO2-(methacrylic acid-ethylene glycol dimethacrylate-azobisisobutyronitrile and sulfamethazine)	—	Methanol-acetic acid; (9 : 1, v/v)	HPLC	2 mg/kg	63.3–76.5% (duck); 68.7–74.7% (chicken)	[64]
Tetracyclines	20.0 mL	MMIP-Fe3O4-oxytetracycline	3.0 mL × 3	Methanol-0.5% acetic acid	HPLC-MS/MS	Less than 0.2 ng/g	72.8–96.5%	[53]
Benzimidazole	10.0 mL	Magnetite/silica/poly(methacrylic acid-co-ethylene; glycol dimethacrylate)	1.0 mL	Acetonitrile-trifluoroacetic acid; (100 : 0.5, v/v)	CZE	1.05–10.42 ng/g (muscle); 1.06–12.61 ng/g (liver)	81.1–105.4%	[27]
Polycyclic aromatics; hydrocarbons (grilled meat samples)	≈15.0 mL	Multiwalled carbon nanotubes-magnetic nanoparticles	5.0 mL	Dichloromethane	GC-MS	0.035–0.100 µg/Kg	81.3–96.7%	[49]
Lead	15.0 mL	Lead imprinted polymer-vinyl-diphenylcarbazide@SiO2@Fe3O4@ ethylene glycol dimethylacrylate and azobisisobutyronitrile	2.0 mL	Hydrochloric acid 3 mol/L	AAS	1.3 µg/L	95.0–115.0%	[34]
Zinc; (red meat)	300.0 mL	Zinc imprinted polymer-2-vinylpyridine-ethylene glycol dimethacrylate-Fe3O4	14.0 mL	Hydrochloric acid (12% v/v)	AAS	0.15 mg/L	95.0–99.0%	[38]

Antibiotics, aromatic compounds, and Metal ions.
MMIP: magnetic molecularly imprinted polymer.