Analytical Strategies for the Determination of Arsenic in Rice

Table 1

Sample preparation methods for determination of inorganic arsenic in rice.

Arsenic species	Sample preparation	Arsenic found (mg Kg^−1)	Detection	Reference
As total	Hot plate (HNO3)	—	ICP-MS	[44]
As total	Microwave digestion (HNO3/H2O2)	0.046–0.315	ICP-MS	[45]
As inorganic	Microwave digestion (HNO3)	0.029–0.121	HPLC-ICP-MS
As total	Ultraclave microwave (trifluoroacetic acid/H2O2)	0.036–0.218	HPLC–ICPMS	[46]
As inorganic		0.025–0.171
As total	—	0.110–0.421	INAA	[47]
As inorganic	Hot plate (water)	0.050–0.172	LC-ICP-MS
As total	Microwave digestion (HNO3/H2O2)	0.07–0.47	ICP-MS	[48]
As inorganic	Microwave digestion (HNO3)	0.001–0.17	HPLC-ICP-MS
As total	Microwave digestion (HNO3 concentrated)	<0.022–0.271	ETAAS	[49]
As inorganic	Vortexed and ultrasound (HNO3 solution)	<0.030–0.147
As(III)	Microwave digestion (HNO3 solution)	<0.019–0.097
As(V)	—	<0.030–0.076
As total	Hot plate (HNO3)	0.012–0.578	ICP-MS	[50]
As total	Ultrasound (HNO3)	0.0125–0.1893	ETAAS	[51]
As(V)		0.0433–0.0625
As total	Microwave digestion (HNO3/H2O2)	0.026–0.464	ICP-MS	[52]
As total	Water bath (HNO3 solution)	0.199–0.284	HPLC-ICP-MS	[53]
As inorganic	—	0.02–0.18	LC-AFS	[54]
As inorganic	Microwave digestion (HNO3/H2O2)	0.045–0.235	HG-AFS	[55]
As total	Microwave digestion	0.013–0.150	HPLC-ICP-MS	[56]
As(III)	ELL (methanol-water (1 : 1)/HNO3)	0.0036–0.0311
As(V)		N.D–0.054