Theoretical Insights into Three Types of Oxidized Starch-Based Adhesives: Chemical Stability, Water Resistance, and Shearing Viscosity from a Molecular Viewpoint

Scheme 2

Mulliken charges population of the main atoms in the starch molecules at the AM1 semiempirical level. G: vinyl alcohol group. (a) is the amylopectin molecule; (b) is the amylose molecule; (c) is the grafted amylopectin molecule; and (d) is the grafted amylose molecule.