Sulfur Speciation in the Surface Sediments of Lakes from Different Regions, China: Characterization by S K-Edge XANES Spectroscopy

Table 1

Geographic and limnological features of the studied lakes [18–21].

Parameters	Eastern China	Southwestern China			Western China
	Taihu Lake	Hongfeng Lake	Dianchi Lake	Caohai Lake	Qinghai Lake
Positions	30°05′–32°08′N,; 119°08′–121°55′E	26°25′–34′N,; 106°20′–28′E	24°40′–25°02′N,; 102°36′°47′E	26°49′–53′N,; 104°12′–18′E	36°32′–37°15′N,; 99°36′–100°47′E
Surface area (km^2)	2338	56	306	20	4583
Elevation (m)	5	1235	1886	2171	3196
Maximum depth (m)	2.6	45.0	8.0	2.5	32.8
Water
pH	8.36	8.40	7.37	8.78	9.35
DO (mg/L)	10.1	8.8	8.9	9.4	ND
Salinity (g/L)	<1.0	<1.0	<1.0	<1.0	12.5
Sulfate (mg/L)	100	80	60	40	2500
Sediment
Organic matter (%)	6.5	5.4	6.5	ND	2.4
TN (%)	ND	0.31	0.33	1.38	0.50
TP (%)	0.08	0.16	0.15	0.07	ND
Fe (%)	2.65	5.98	ND	ND	2.50
Climate type	Warm, humid	Warm, semihumid	Warm, semihumid	Warm, semihumid	Cool, semiarid
Deposition rate (cm/yr)	ND	0.16	0.20	0.25	0.10