Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] Genotypes with Contrasting Polyphenol Compositions Differentially Modulate Inflammatory Cytokines in Mouse Macrophages

Figure 4

Sorghum bran extracts differentially modulate TNF-α and IL-6 production in RAW 264.7 cells. Cells were seeded in 96-well plates, incubated overnight, and pretreated with sorghum bran extracts at concentrations of 15 μg/mL, 30 μg/mL, and 60 μg/mL for 1 hour before LPS stimulation (1 μg/mL) for 18 hours. (a) Effect of extract dose on TNF-α, (b) effect of extract dose on IL-6, (c) effect of 3-deoxyanthocyanidin-containing accessions on TNF-α, (d) effect of 3-deoxyanthocyanidin-containing accessions on IL-6, (e) effect of proanthocyanidin-containing accessions on TNF-α, (f) effect of proanthocyanidin-containing accessions on IL-6, (g) effect of Tannin1 on TNF-α, and (h) effect of Tannin1 on IL-6. Results are expressed as percentage of extract-treated cells versus negative controls (no extract added). Error bars represent the means of triplicate experiments ±SD. For (a) and (b), concentrations share the same letter if they are not significantly different from each other.

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