Vibrational Spectroscopies and Chemometry for Nondestructive Identification and Differentiation of Painting Binders

Table 1

The neat binding media analyzed with reporting the manufacturer and the corresponding identification symbol.

Neat binder	Producer/manufacturer	Symbol
Proteinaceous binders
Rabbit skin glue	Zecchi	RG
Strong glue	Zecchi	SG
Fish glue	Zecchi	FG
Egg white	Local market	EW
Egg yolk	Local market	EY
Whole egg	Local market	WE
Casein	Zecchi	C
Drying oils
Linseed oil	Zecchi	LOZ
Linseed oil	Maimeri	LOM
Linseed oil	Ferrario	LOF
Poppy-seed oil	Zecchi	POZ
Poppy-seed oil	Talens	POT
Walnut oil	Zecchi	WOZ
Walnut oil	Ferrario	WOF
Stand-oil	Zecchi	SOLZ
Polysaccharide media
Arabic gum	Zecchi	AG
Tragacanth gum	Zecchi	TG