Ultrasound-Assisted, Base-Catalyzed, Homogeneous Reaction for Ferulic Acid Production from γ-Oryzanol

Figure 5

Arrhenius plot for the hydrolysis of γ-oryzanol (A20) by the heating method and ultrasonic irradiations. (a) Heating method. (b) 20 kHz ultrasonic irradiation. (c) 200 kHz ultrasonic irradiation.

(a)

(b)

(c)