Potential of Duckweed (Lemna minor) for the Phytoremediation of Landfill Leachate
Table 1
Physicochemical characteristics of landfill leachate before and after phytoremediation experiment.
Parameters
Before phytoremediation
After phytoremediation
Percentage reduction
NEQS permissible limit
Lemna minor L.
pH mg·L−1
7.9
6.8 ± 0.24 ns
13%
6–10
TSS mg·L−1
63.4
42.2 ± 3.56 ns
33%
150
TDS mg·L−1
1695
986 ± 7.68 ns
41%
3500
COD mg·L−1
1899
756 ± 4.32 ns
39%
150
BOD mg·L−1
889
423 ± 4.69
47%
80
Zn mg·L−1
1.47
0.24 ± 0.02
83%
5
Pb mg·L−1
0.83
0.18 ± 0.04
78%
0.5
Cu mg·L−1
0.69
0.06 ± 0.02
91%
1
Fe mg·L−1
1.17
0.26 ± 0.03
77%
2
Ni mg·L−1
1.21
0.29 ± 0.02
76%
1
Values are the mean of three replicates. NIQS, National Environment Quality Standards, Pakistan; ND, not detected; ns, nonsignificant. ,significantly different at or level of ANOVA, respectively (mean ± SD, ).
