Adsorptive Removal of Methylene Blue and Crystal Violet onto Micro-Mesoporous Zr₃O/Activated Carbon Composite: A Joint Experimental and Statistical Modeling Considerations

Table 2

Kinetic models used to fit the experimental data.

Kinetic models	Equation	Description
Pseudo-first order	ln (Qe − Qt) = log (Qe) − K1t/2.303	Qt = uptake at time t; Qe = uptake at equilibrium; K1 = rate constant
Pseudo-second order	t/Qt = 1/(K2Qt^2) + 1/Qe	K2 = rate constant
Intraparticle diffusion	Qt = Kdit^0.5 + C	Kdi = rate constant