Direct Benzyl Alcohol and Benzaldehyde Synthesis from Toluene over Keggin-Type Polyoxometalates Catalysts: Kinetic and Mechanistic Studies

Table 2

Effect of reaction temperature on the partial oxidation of toluene with CO₂ over polyoxometalates.

Catalysts	T (°C)	Conversion (%)	Products’ selectivity (%)
			C6H6	C6H5–CH2OH	C6H5–CHO
H3PMo12O40	250	7	37	—	63
	300	14.5	51	—	49
	350	52.3	64	—	36
H4PMo11VO40	250	6.1	12	8	80
	300	16.4	18	10	72
	350	54.7	31	2	67
PMo11Fe	200	5	30	65	5
	250	26	25	50	25
	300	44.4	20	32	48
	350	75.4	19	15	66
FePMo12	250	14	39	21	40
	300	31.0	51	19	30
	350	55.1	61	18	21