Removal of Perfluorooctanoic Acid and Microcystins from Drinking Water by Electrocoagulation

Table 3

Technical and economic performance of electrocoagulation reverse polarity (ECRP) technique compared with other published methods for PFOA and microcystin removal.

Experimental design	Scale		% removal efficiency		Estimated cost of drinking water filtration		Application	Risk of health hazard
	Lab	Field	PFOA	Microcystins	Drinking water	Wastewater
Electrocoagulation reverse polarity (this study)	Yes	Yes	100	100	$0.04 @ 400 gal per day	Yes	Yes	Zero
Traditional electrocoagulation (Bao et al. [35])	Yes	Yes	80–90	Unknown	Unknown	Yes	Yes	Zero
^60Co γ-irradiation: UV-A (Zhang et al. [40])	Yes	Unknown	100	Unknown	Unknown	Unknown	Yes	High risk
N-TiO2 (Triantis et al. [41])	Yes	Unknown	Unknown	100	Unknown	Unknown	Yes	Moderate risk
Activated carbon filtration (Meng et al. [18])	Yes	Yes	70–80	70–80	$0.06 @ 400 gal per day	Yes	Yes	Zero

Average US residential price of drinking water for 2010–2019 (published online by Ian Tiseo (Statista), February 12, 2020).